കേരളത്തിലെ നിരവധി പ്രദേശങ്ങൾ ഉരുൾപൊട്ടൽ ഭീഷണിയിലെന്ന് പഠനം
മിഷിഗൺ ടെക്‌നോളജിക്കൽ യൂണിവേഴ്‌സിറ്റിയും പുണെയിലെ ഇന്ത്യൻ ഇൻസ്റ്റിറ്റ്യൂട്ട് ഓഫ് ട്രോപ്പിക്കൽ മെറ്റീരിയോളജിയുമായി ചേർന്ന് കേരള യൂണിവേഴ്‌സിറ്റി ഓഫ് ഫിഷറീസ് ആൻഡ് ഓഷ്യൻ സയൻസസ് (കുഫോസ്) ആർട്ടിഫിഷ്യൽ ഇന്റലിജൻസ് സഹായത്തോടെ നടത്തിയ പഠനത്തിൽകേരളത്തിലെ 13 ശതമാനം ഭൂപ്രദേശങ്ങളും ഉരുൾപൊട്ടൽ നേരിടുന്നതായി കണ്ടെത്തി.. 1990 മുതൽ 2020 വരെയുള്ള മണ്ണിടിച്ചിലുകളുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട പഠനങ്ങളെ അടിസ്ഥാനമാക്കിയുള്ള ഗവേഷണത്തിൽ സംസ്ഥാനത്തെ വിവിധ ഭൂപ്രദേശങ്ങളുടെ ദുർബലത വർധിപ്പിക്കുന്ന പാരിസ്ഥിതിക സമ്മർദ്ദങ്ങൾ എന്തൊക്കെയാണെന്നും തിരിച്ചറിഞ്ഞിട്ടുണ്ട്.
ഭൂപ്രദേശങ്ങളുടെ ദുർബലത വർധിപ്പിക്കുന്ന പാരിസ്ഥിതിക സമ്മർദ്ദങ്ങൾ
. 2018 ലെ പ്രളയത്തിനു കാരണമായ മഴ ഇടുക്കി, പത്തനംതിട്ട, മലപ്പുറം, പാലക്കാട്, തൃശൂർ ജില്ലകളിൽ ഉരുൾപൊട്ടൽ സാധ്യത 3.46 % വർധിപ്പിച്ചെന്നു റിപ്പോർട്ടിൽ പറയുന്നു.ഏതാണ്ട് 31 ശതമാനം പ്രദേശങ്ങളും 600 മീറ്ററിന് മുകളിലുള്ള സംസ്ഥാനത്തെ ഹൈറേഞ്ച് മേഖല അതിരൂക്ഷമായ മണ്ണിടിച്ചിലിന് സാധ്യതയുള്ള മേഖലകളിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുന്നു. ജനസാന്ദ്രതയുള്ള സ്ഥലങ്ങൾക്കു പുറമേ പരിസ്ഥിതി ലോല പ്രദേശങ്ങൾക്കും ഉയരത്തിൽ സ്ഥിതി ചെയ്യുന്ന പ്രദേശങ്ങൾക്കും സംരക്ഷണം ഉറപ്പാക്കേണ്ടത് അനിവാര്യമാണെന്ന് പഠനം വെളിവാക്കുന്നതായി കുഫോസിന്റെ ക്ലൈമറ്റ് വേര്യബിലിറ്റി ആൻഡ് അക്വാട്ടിക് സിസ്റ്റംസ് വിഭാഗം മേധാവി ഗിരീഷ് ഗോപിനാഥ് പറയുന്നു.
ഡീപ് ലേർണിങ് ടെക്നോളജി ഉപയോഗിച്ച് കുഫോസ് ഒരു എഐ അധിഷ്ഠിത മണ്ണിടിച്ചിൽ സാധ്യതാ മാപ്പ് തയ്യാറാക്കിയിട്ടുണ്ട്.ചരിവുള്ള പ്രദേശങ്ങളിൽ റോഡ് നിർമാണത്തിനായി മാറ്റങ്ങൾ വരുത്തുന്നതും ഭൂമി ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നതിലെ അശാസ്ത്രീയമായ രീതികളുമാണ് അപകട സാധ്യത വലിയതോതിൽ വർധിപ്പിക്കുന്നത് എന്ന് പഠനത്തിൽ കണ്ടെത്തി.മണ്ണിടിച്ചിൽ സാധ്യതയുടെ പ്രധാന കാരണങ്ങൾ പരിഹരിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ഏകോപിത ശ്രമങ്ങൾ അടിയന്തരമായി ആരംഭിക്കേണ്ടതിൻ്റെ ആവശ്യകതയെക്കുറിച്ചും പഠനം ഊന്നി പറയുന്നു. അസാധാരണമായ മഴക്കെടുതികൾ അടക്കം കാലാവസ്ഥാ വ്യതിയാനം ഉയർത്തുന്ന വെല്ലുവിളികളെ സംസ്ഥാനം നേരിടുകയാണ്. ഈ സാഹചര്യത്തിൽ ഇത്തരം പഠനങ്ങൾ സാഹചര്യങ്ങൾ കൃത്യമായി വിലയിരുത്തുന്നതിനും തീരുമാനങ്ങൾ എടുക്കുന്നതിനും പദ്ധതികൾ ആസൂത്രണം ചെയ്യുന്നതിനും നിർണായകമാണെന്ന് കുഫോസിന്റെ വൈസ് ചാൻസിലറായ ടി. പ്രദീപ് കുമാർ ചൂണ്ടിക്കാട്ടി.വർധിച്ചു വരുന്ന മണ്ണിടിച്ചിൽ സാധ്യതകൾ കണക്കിലെടുത്ത് അപകടത്തിൻ്റെ തോത് ലഘൂകരിക്കുന്നതിനായി ഗവേഷണ സംഘം ഒരു മൊബൈൽ ആപ്പ് വികസിപ്പിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്.ആറുമാസത്തിനകം ഇത് തയ്യാറാകും.
അതിതീവ്രമഴ മണ്ണിടിച്ചിൽ സാധ്യത വർദ്ധിപ്പിക്കുന്നു
അതിതീവ്ര മണ്ണിടിച്ചിൽ സാധ്യതയുള്ള മേഖലകളിൽ നിന്ന് 3,575 സാമ്പിളുകൾ ശേഖരിച്ച് എഐയുടെ സഹായത്തോടെ വിശകലനം ചെയ്തിരുന്നു. ഇതിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ സൃഷ്ടിച്ച ഡാറ്റയിൽ നിന്നാണ് മണ്ണിടിച്ചിൽ സാധ്യതാ മാപ്പ് തയ്യാറാക്കിയിരിക്കുന്നത്. കേരളത്തിലെ ഭൂരിഭാഗം ഉയർന്ന പ്രദേശങ്ങളും മിഡ്‌ലാൻഡ്- ഹൈലാൻഡ് ട്രാൻസിഷൻ മേഖലയിലെ ചരിവുകളും മണ്ണിടിച്ചിലിന് സാധ്യതയുള്ളവയാണ്.
ഈ പ്രദേശങ്ങളിൽ തീവ്രമായ മഴയാണ് മണ്ണിടിച്ചിലിലേക്ക് നയിക്കുന്ന പ്രധാന ഘടകം. ഭൂഗർഭ ജലസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ ഉപയോഗപ്പെടുത്തുന്നതിനായി ചരിവുള്ള മേഖലകളിൽ മഴക്കുഴികൾ കുഴിച്ചതും അതിശക്തമായ മഴയുള്ള സമയത്ത് മണ്ണിടിച്ചിലിലേക്ക് നയിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്. വയനാട്ടിലെയും ഇടുക്കിയിലെയും കാര്യമെടുത്താൽ ഹൈറേഞ്ചുകളുടെ പ്രാന്തപ്രദേശങ്ങളിലെ ഇത്തരം പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളാണ് മണ്ണിടിച്ചിൽ ഉണ്ടാകാനുള്ള പ്രധാന കാരണം.
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